Society for World Internet Mission/알고가는 영어성경

The Jews Continue in Their Unbelief (유대인들 의 계속적인 불신앙)

Even after Jesus had done all these miraculous signs in their presence, they still would not believe in him. 이렇게 많은 표적을 저희 앞에서 행하셨으나 저를 믿지 아니하니
This was to fulfill the word of Isaiah the prophet: "Lord, who has believed our message and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?" 이는 선지자 이사야의 말씀을 이루려 하심이라 가로되 주여 우리에게 들은 바를 누가 믿었으며 주의 팔이 뉘게 나타났나이까 하였더라(사53:1)
For this reason they could not believe, because, as Isaiah says elsewhere:
저희가 능히 믿지 못한 것은 이 까닭이니 곧 이사야가 다시 일렀으되
"He has blinded their eyes and deadened their hearts, so they can neither see with their eyes, nor understand with their hearts, nor turn--and I would heal them." 저희 눈을 멀게 하시고 저희 마음을 완고하게 하셨으니 이는 저희로 하여금 눈으로 보고 마음으로 깨닫고 돌이켜 내게 고침을 받지 못하게 하려 함이니라 하였음이더라
Isaiah said this because he saw Jesus' glory and spoke about him. 이사야가 이렇게 말한 것은 주의 영광을 보고 주를 가리켜 말한 것이라(사6:9-10)
Yet at the same time many even among the leaders believed in him. But because of the Pharisees they would not confess their faith for fear they would be put out of the synagogue; 그러나 관원 중에도 저를 믿는 자가 많되 바리새인들을 인하여 드러나게 말하지 못하니 이는 출회를 당할까 두려워함이라
for they loved praise from men more than praise from God. 저희는 사람의 영광을 하나님의 영광보다 더 사랑하였더라

[ 풀이 ]

37. Even after Jesus had done all these miraculous signs in their presence, they still would not believe in him. 예수님께서 그렇게 많은 표적을 그들 앞에 행하셨으나, 그들은 예수를 믿지 않았다.
=All these God-signs he had given them and they still didn't get it, still
wouldn't trust him.
=Although they had seen Jesus perform so many miracles (or But despite all the
miraculous signs he had done), they wouldn't believe he was the Messiah (or yet they didn't faithfully trust in him and failed to believe in him, ).
*despite ~prep~.=in spite of=spite of(口俗)=[in] despite of(文)=notwithstanding(文)
=in [the] face of=in the teeth of=in defiance of=for (or after, with) all
=regardless {or irrespective[ly], independent[ly]} of=without regard to (or for)
=contrary to=maugre, -ger(英古)=non obstante=non obs[t].(略L)
=nath[e]less(古)=against=without reference to
=[Even] Though (or [Even] As, And whereas) he had performed (or worked) so
many (or such a number of, a lot of) big works before them (or among the
them, in front of the people, right before their eyes), [yet] they did not believe in him (or they still had no belief in him, but they were still not willing to have aith in him, they still did not believe in him, they still refused to believe in him).

38. This was to fulfill the word of Isaiah the prophet: 이것은 예언자 이사야가 한 말을 이루려 하신 것이다.
=In this way the words of the prophet Isaiah came true:
=This proved that the prophet Isaiah was right.
=This was to fulfill the word spoken by the prophet Isaiah (or was to bring
about what Isaiah the prophet had said, is exactly what Isaiah the prophet had
predicted):
=This happened so that what the prophet Isaiah had said would come true (or so
that the saying of the prophet Isaiah might come true, in order that the word
which Isaiah the prophet spoke should come true, for the prophet Isaiah's utterance had to be fulfilled, as the words of the early preacher Isaiah said it would happen), when he said:
=It was that the saying of Isaiah the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spoke
(or that the saying of the prophet Isaiah which he said might come true, that the
word spoken by the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, that the coming of the
manifestation would be fulfilled, of which Isaiah the prophet spoke):
*coming ~n~. 접근, 도착, 도래(=arrival) coming soon (영화 안내에서) 근일 상영
*manifestation ~n~. 명시(=clear statement), 표명(=expression=demonstration),
표시(=indication=expression), 표현{=expression=[re]presentation}, ,
*Lord, who has believed our message and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed? 주님, 우리가 전한 말[알려준 말]을 누가 믿었으며, 주의 팔을 누구에게 나타내 보이셨나이까[주께서 보여 주신 능력을 누가 깨달았습니까]?(사53:1)
=Lord! who gave credence to our report (or who has any belief in our preaching,
who has faithfully trusted what we told them)? Who has believed even though
they have seen the power of God's hand (or And who has seen your mighty
strength, And who saw the Lord's power in this, To whom will the Lord
reveal his [saving] power, And the arm of the Lord-to whom was it unveiled)?
=Lord, who accepted our report as true (or who has believed our hearing, who
believed what we have heard, who believed the message we told, is there anyone who has believed our message, has anyone believed our preaching)? Who has the might of the Lord been revealed to (or Who will accept God's mighty miracles as proof, Has the Lord shown his power to anyone, Who recognized God's arm,
outstretched and ready to act)?

[ 신학상식 ]
the agency of Providence=divine agency 1) 하나님의 힘
2) 하나님의 섭리{=the Providence of God=economy of God=divine disposal
=[Divine] Providence=the disposition(古) (or the dispensations) of Providence
=providentia Dei(L)}

*arm ~n~. 1)힘{=power=force=authority=influence=might=steam(口)=strength
=dint=vis(L)}, 권력{=authority=power=influence=might=potency=puissance(文)
=strength},
2)(俗)지배력{=governing power=leadership=dominion=mastery=reign=sway(文)
=sovereignty=force=control=ascendency}), 영향력{=influence=sway=force=wind
=potency=power=leverage=weight=clout(美俗)=impact=impression=repercussion}
an arm of flesh 육신의 팔, 인력(人力), 물질의 힘(대하32:8)
the strong arm of the law 법의 강권(=legal authority)
the secular arm 교권(敎權)에 대한 재판소의 속권(俗權), 세속적 힘
the [long] arm of the law 법률의 힘, 경찰력{=the power (or authority)
of the police} *the long arm(美俗) 경찰관

39. For this reason they could not believe, because, as Isaiah says elsewhere: 그들이 믿을 수가 없었던 이유를 이사야는 또 이렇게 말하였다.
=The reason they could not believe is written again in Isaiah.
=First they wouldn't believe, then they couldn't-again, just as Isaiah said:
=Because of this (or Therefore, For this cause, On this account, On account of
this) they were unable (or not able) to have belief, for Isaiah said again:
=It is for this [reason] that they could not faithfully trust; [and] because of it
Isaiah said again:

40. He has blinded their eyes and deadened their hearts, so they can neither see with their eyes, nor understand with their hearts, nor turn--and I would heal them. 주님께서 그들의 눈을 멀게 하시고 그들의 마음을 무디게 하셨다. 그것은 그들이 눈이 있어도 보지 못하게 하고, 마음으로 깨닫지도 못하여 개심하지 못하게 하고, 나에게 치유 받지 못하게 하려는 것이다.(사6:9-10)
=The Lord has made their eyes blind and hardened and benumbed their [callous, degenerated] heart. Otherwise they would see with their eyes and understand in their minds and come back to me and be healed. *Otherwise (Or, Or else, Else)
=If the Lord did not make their eyes blind and did not hardened their heart,
=God has made them blind. Their hearts have no feeling. They cannot see. They do not understand with their heart. They will not turn to God. If they did turn, he would heal them.'
*He has blinded their eyes and deadened their hearts.
주께서 그들의 눈을 멀게 하시고 그들의 마음을 둔하게 하셨다.
=Their eyes are blinded and their hearts darkened.
=God blinded them and made them close-minded (or closed their minds, made
their minds callous, made their hearts hard, made them stubborn [in their inner
self]). *close-mouthed ~a~. 마음을 터놓지 않는(=reserved=close=incommunicative
=incommunicable=uncommunicative=reticent=secretive=silent=taciturn=undemonstrative
=tight-lipped=withdrawn=quiet=inhibited=unbending)
*callous ~a~. 무정한(=hardened=indurate=heartless=unfeeling=cold[-hearted]=soulless=hard
=obdurate=cruel=pitiless=merciless=hard-hearted=implacable=inexorable=uncharitable
(↔compassionate=sympathetic=tender=humane=mild=clement=affectionate=considerate
=attentive), 무감각한(=insensible=numb=apathetic=indurate=thick-skinned=torpid
=unsusceptible), 냉담한(=apathetic[al]=indifferent=insensible=cool=half-hearted)
*hard ~a~.무정한, 냉철한{=searching=coolheaded=hardheaded=shrewd=astute(文)=indurate
=penetrating=acute=rigid}, 인정사정 없는(=implacable=inexorable=relentless=merciless
=ruthless=unsparing=severe=scathing=unrelenting)(↔tolerant=lenient=mild=liberal
=broad-minded=generous=magnanimous)
*stubborn ~a~. 완고[악*강]한, 강퍅(剛愎)한{=obstinate=headstrong=persistent=dogged
=rigid=stiff=contumacious=inflexible=intractable=unyielding=pertinacious=unrelenting
=bigoted=stiff-necked(출32:9 외)=impenitent=unregenerate[d]=unrepentant=indurate
=obdurate=incorrigible}{↔yielding=compliant=pliable=pliant=flexible=malleable=tractable
=limber(다소 稀)=supple=soft=obedient=submissive=acquiescent}
*So they can neither see with their eyes, nor understand with their hearts, nor turn [to me]--and I would heal them. 그들이 눈을 가지고도 알아보지 못하고 마음으로도 깨닫지 못하여 끝내 나에게로 돌아오지 못하고 나한테 온전히 고쳐지지 못하게 하시려는 것이다.
=So that they may not look with their eyes, and perceive with their inner self (or feel compassion in their hearts) and be converted (or be turned)-and I should cleanse them. *perceive ~vi~. (오감으로) 감지하다, 알아차리다{=see=descry(文)
=discern=discover=distinguish=espy(文)=note=notice=observe=know=apprehend=sense
=penetrate=apperceive=feel=recognize}
*compassion ~n~. 연민([up]on, for){=pity=rue(古)=commiseration=ruth(古)=sympathy
=mercy=heart=charity=[fellow] feeling}
*converted(신학용어 참조) ①회개한, ②개종한
=That their eyes don't see and their hearts (or minds) don't understand. And
they never (or would not, cannot, will not) turn to me, says God, for me to heal
them (or face up to it for healing, turn back to me and let me heal them)!
*face up to～ ①(싫은 일을) 인정하다, ② 사람*문제 등에 용감히 맞서다, 직시하다.
=For fear (or Lest) that they should see with their eyes and get knowledge with their minds, and be changed, and I should make them well.
=To keep them from seeing with their eyes and understanding with their hearts and minds and repenting and turning to me to cure them.
*blind ~vt~. 1) 눈멀게 하다(=darken), 눈을 어지럽게 하다(=daze=dazzle=dizzy
=giddy),
2) (比) 보이지 않게 하다(=shade=obscure), 알 수 없게 하다(to)(=obscure),
시야에서 가리다(from)(=shade)
Pride sometimes blinds us to our own failings. 자만심 때문에 자기의 결점을 보지 못하는 일이 있다.
~a~. 1) 맹목적인(to)(=sightless=unseeing=reckless=eyeless=implicit)
무계획적인{=planless=unplanned=haphazard=random=aimless=designless
=desultory=hit-or-miss=indiscriminate=unaimed=unconsidered
=objectless=promiscuous(口)=purposeless=slapdash), 이성에 따르지 않는
blind obedience 맹종(=unquestioned loyalty=compliance=blind submission)
blind purchase 충동 구매(=impulse buying=impulse purchase)
2) 막다른{=dead-end=closed at one end=deadlocked=final(比)}
3) 알아보기 어려운(=illegible=indecipherable=undecipherable=unreadable
=unintelligible=unknowable=unfathomable=inscrutable=incognizable=inexplicable
=inscrutable=inapprehensible=unclear=incomprehensible=impenetrable)
(↔legible=readable), 흐릿한(=dim=vague=indistinct=faint=obscure=hazy=dull
=nebulous=muddy=unclear=ambiguous=cloudy)
4) 신원이 분명하지 않은(=faceless=unidentified=unknown=fatherless);
익명의{=anonymous=innominate=incognito=faceless=nameless=unnamed
=unestablished=silent(商)})(↔named=onymous)
5) 술 취한(俗){=bagged=blotto=boiled=buffy=canned=cockeyed=cut=fried=gassed
=half-seas over=pickled=pie-eyed=lit [up]=loaded=looped=lushed up=oiled
=pissed=pixilated=polluted=potted=on the shicker=shot=slewed=smashed
=soused=stiff=stinking=stinko=stoned=swacked=tight=wet(이상 俗)
=stewed(俗, 서술적)=bongoed=boozed=boozy=tipsy(이상 口)=bombed=crocked
=discouraged=disguised=frazzled=jagged=juiced up=plastered=rum-dum
=wasted=zonked(이상 美俗)=temulent(美口)=screwy=sozzled=squiffed, squiffy
=tanked=tiddl[e]y(이상 英俗)=sloshed(英口)=buzzed(英方)=bousy(古)
=shickered, shikkered(濠俗)=alcoholized=besotted=drunk=drunken
=inebriate[d]=inebrious=intoxicated=stoked=under the influence}(↔sober)
6) (not a blind [bit of]로 사용) 하나도 ～없는(않는)(口)
be not a blind bit of use 전혀 쓸모가 없다.
There's not a blind thing you can do. 네가 할 수 있는 일이란 하나도 없다.
*deaden ~vt~. 1) (감각, 움직임 등을) 무디게 하다{=lessen=blunt=caseharden=sear=callous=dull=numb=benumb=desensitize=dampen=disedge=indurate=harden
=rebate(古)} (↔enliven=quicken), (힘, 소리, 광택 등을) 약하게 하다{=weaken=attenuate=unbrace=rebate(古)=wilt
=abate=dull=muffle=mute(소리)=stifle(소리)}(↔strengthen=fortify=reinforce),
(통증 등을) 가라앉히다{=soften=alleviate=allay=assuage=mitigate=mollify=still
=palliate(文)=appease=relieve=lighten=lull=hush=placate=propitiate=pacify=calm
=conciliate=dulcify=subdue=abate=disburden=unburden=tranquilize=comfort=abate
=salve[sæv](比)=solace=ease=soothe=sedate(진정제로)}{↔aggravate=burn [up]
=exasperate(文)=inflame=nettle=peeve=pique=provoke=rile(口)=roil=annoy=gall
=grate=huff=put out=abrade=chafe=ruffle=vex},
속도를 줄이다{=decrease (or reduce) speed=slow (or gear) down=decelerate
=slacken}(↔accelerate=speed)
2) (마루, 바닥, 벽 등을) 방음(防音)으로 하다(=soundproof=make soundproof)
3) (술 등의) 김을 빼다{=make vapid (or insipid, stale, flat)}, (나무를) 말라죽게 하다(=wither=wilt=wizen=shrivel=dry up=scorch=blast=sear),
(땅을) 메마르게 하다(=dry up=sterilize)
~vi~. 죽다, 약해지다(=weaken=attenuate=decrease=dwindle=abate=bate=wilt=wane
=drain away=lessen=reduce=taper off=decline=diminish=peter out=recede
=peak out) (↔increase=augment=build=burgeon=enlarge=expand=wax=upsurge
=heighten=mount=multiply=rise=run up),
소멸하다{=disappear=evanish(詩)=vanish=become extinct (or defunct)=die out
=be extinguished=perish=peter(口)}, 둔해지다{=become dull (or slow, stupid,
thick-headed, slow-witted, blunt, beef-witted, dense, doltish, dumb[美俗],
thick[英口], thick-witted}
*understand ~vi~. 관대하게[동정적으로] 받아들이다
The people listen but will not understand.
사람들은 들어주기는 하지만 이해해 주려고는 하지 않는다.
*turn to 1) 도움[간청]을 구하다(for), 믿다, 의지[호소]하다
turn to God 하나님께 기도 드리다{=pray to God=wrestle in prayer=wrestle with God=offer [up] a prayer to God=lift [up] one's hands (or heart)}
turn to God in one's trouble for help 어려울 때 하나님께 도움을 구하다
The question turns on this point. 문제는 이 점에 달려있다
2) 개종(改宗)하다, 태도[주의, 생활 방식] 등을 바꾸어 ～이 되다, 변절[전향]하다
3) (성질*외관*형세 등에 있어서) ～으로 변전(變轉)하다{=change (or convert) to=translate (or transform, transmute, metamorphose, mutate) into}
Talk turned to family matters. 이야기는 가족 관계로 바뀌었다.
Dusk was turning into night. 황혼이 저물어 가고 있었다.
4) 눈길[얼굴]을 ～쪽으로 돌리다(=avert one's eyes to)
All faces turned towards him. 모두 그를 향해 얼굴을 돌렸다.
All my hopes turned to my younger son.
나의 모든 희망은 나의 둘째 아들에게 향해졌다.
5) 생각[주의, 관심, 마음, 욕구, 문제 등]을 ～쪽으로 돌리다,
전심[전념]하다(=bend one's mind to)
His attention turned to the pretty girl. 그는 그 예쁜 아가씨에게 주의를 돌렸다.
He turned to the study of English. 그는 영어 공부에 전념했다.
For relaxation he turns to tennis. 기분 전환을 위해 그는 테니스를 친다
6) 조류[바람, 배, 발길 등]가 진로[진행, 발걸음, 방향]를 돌리다{=shift (or veer) [round] to},(길, 모퉁이 등)이 ～쪽으로 구부러지다{=bend [to]ward=curve (or crook) round to=round=wind=coil=corkscrew=curl=twine=twist=be bent (or crooked, arc[k]ed, arched, arciform, bent, bowed, curvilinear, round, rounded, devious, twisted, curved, winding)}
The wind turned to the south. 풍향이 남쪽으로 바뀌었다.
The lane turned to the left hand toward the river.
작은 길은 왼쪽의 강 방향으로 구부러져 있다.
7) 되돌아가다, 사전 등을 참조[조사]하다{=refer to=compare with=confer(廢,명령, 略cf.)=see=make [a] reference to=consult=turn up(英)=vide(L)},
8) 일을 시작하다(*이 경우의 to는 부사, to 이하의 명사가 생략되는 수가 많음)
It's time we turned to [our work]. 이젠 기운차게 일에 착수해야 할 시간이다.

[ 신학상식 ]
*메타노이아(#Gr#.회개) 1)하나님으로부터 떠나 있는 인간이, 그 전존재를 하나님께 복귀케 하는 행위(the change of a sinner's mind which leads him to turn from his evil ways and lives)를 가리키는 용어.
2) 이 세상을 향하여 있던 죄의 마음을, 하나님의 은혜의 세계로 방향을 바꾸는 것(①the spiritual change implied in a sinner's return to God, ②to have another mind, to change the opinion or purpose with regard to sin)이다.
3) 지금까지 본심을 떠나 있던 자가 본심으로 돌아서고{repent, and turn to God (or be converted),행 3:19}, 하나님을 업신여기던 자가 하나님께로 복귀하는 일{ repent and turn to God and perform deeds worthy of their repentance (or prove their repentance by their deeds), 행26:20}이 회개이다.
신약성서에 있어서의 회개를 요약하면
1) 죄의 자각: 마 5:4에는 [애통하는 자]의 복이 기록되고, 고후 7:10에는 [하나님의 뜻대로 하는 근심(애통)]{godly sorrow (or grief)}이 언급되어 있는데, 모두 자기의 죄를 깊이 탄식하고 슬퍼함을 의미하고 있다.
2) 전인격적*전생활적인 전환: 신약 중에는 개개의 행위{the impurity (or the uncleanness, the impurity), sexual sin (or fornication, lasciviousness) and debauchery (or immorality, licentiousness)}의 회개로 말해져 있는데(고후 12:21, 계 9:21,16:11), 그 밖의 경우는 직접적인 회개를 촉구하고 있다{Repent, and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission (or forgiveness) of your sins 막 1:15, 눅 13:3,5, 행 2:38등}. 이것은 사람이 옛 생활을 떨쳐 버리고 {put (or take) off the old man (or old nature, old self) with its
practices (or deeds), 골 3:9}, 전격적으로 새로운 생활에 들어감을 요구하고 있는 것이다.

*회개(悔改)하다
wear a hair shirt=reform (or retrieve, regenerate) oneself=be under conviction[s]
=repent [of]=convert(~vi~.)=be (or get) converted=renounce one's former sins
=be contrite (or penitential, penitentiary)=turn over a new leaf
=[a]mend one's ways (or manners)=put on (or stand in) a white sheet
=be (or become) penitent (or repentant) for (or of, over)
=be compunctious (or remorseful) for=set (or put) a person straight again
=reclaim a person from a life of sin=do penance for=experience religion(美口)
=find religion (or religionism, religionist){영적 체험에 의해 회심(回心)하다}
회개하면 죄도 사하여진다 Repentance wipes out sin.
*회개자 reformed man=penitent=contrite (or repentant) sinner=convert=penitential
cf. penitent 고해자, 개전자(가톨릭)
*회개 penitence=repentance=conviction{죄의 자각, 회오(悔悟)}
=remorse=amendment=metanoia(L)=paenitentia(마1:4, L)
=regret=remorsefulness=contriteness=contrition{통회(痛悔):하나님의 사랑에서 일어나는 회개}=penance=compunction{회한(悔恨)}=mea culpa[meaːkulpaː]{개인 실수[과실]의 정식 시인, L=through my fault 내 탓으로}=attrition{불완전한 참회(神)}
cf. penance 고해 성사(告解聖事, 가톨릭, =the sacrament of penance=confession), 고행(=asceticism=ascetic practice=religious austerities=[austere] discipline
=self-mortification=self-torture)
cf. shrift (古) 속죄, 참회, 고해, 임종시의 참회; 죄를 고백하기{=confession of sin
(or guilt)}
cf. short shrift (사형 집행 직전의) 고해나 속죄를 위한 짧은 시간
*예수님의 속죄(속량) the [Vicarious] Atonement [of Christ]=the Redemption
=ransom=satisfaction=propitiation=expiation
*vicarious[vaikε´(ː)?ri?s] ~a~. 대속적인(=redemptive=redemptory), 남 대신에 하는
[받는, 당하는], 대행의{=vicarial=substitute=substitutional=substitutive=substitutionary
=subdititious=alternative(사물이)=alternate(美俗)=surrogate=ersatz(대용의)}
the vicarious sufferings [sacrifice] of Christ
예수님께서 죄인을 대신하여 받은 수난[희생]
vicarious satisfaction 대속적 충족(스스로 할 수 없는 것을 남에게 시키고 만족하는 것)
{=satisfactio vicaria(L)}, substitution 예수님의 대속
the Day of Atonement(=Yom Kippur[jam kip?r])[대]속죄일(레23:27-28, 25:9)
*속죄 apolutrosis=atonement for (or expiation of) one's sin[s]=penance
*속죄(속량)하다 atone [for] (or expiate, satisfy, make amends for, make
atonement for) one's offenses (or crime, sin)=ransom one's life (or person) [from]=redeem oneself (or one's life) [from]
*속죄성 satisfactory character
*piacular[paiæ´kj?l?r] ~a~. 속죄(贖罪)의(가 되는)(=expiatory=atoning for sin),
cf. 대속(代贖) redemption (or expiation, atonement) on behalf of another.
cf. 대속(代贖)하다 atone for (or expiate) another's sin[s] (or offense)
*회개치 않음 impenitence=remorselessness=obduracy=irrepentance=induration
=recusancy[rekj?z?nsi, rikjuːz?nsi], -ance=deaf ears=lack of contrition
=hardness of heart=heart of stone=seared conscience
*회개하지 않는 impenitent=unrepentant(롬2:5)=unrepented=uncontrite=obdurate
=hard =remorseless=hardened=seared=recusant=relentless=graceless=shriftless
=lost=incorrigible=irreclaimable=unreclaimed=unreformed=unatoned=piacular
cf. the old Adam ①회개하지(교화되지) 않은 인간의 악한 성향(상태), 성악(性惡)
②인간의 약점(원죄)

[ 신학상식 ]
*개종 conversion=change of heart=conversio(L)
*기독교로 개종하다
turn (or be converted, get converted, go over, proselyte, proselytize, become a convert, become a proselyte, convert) to Christianity=put on the new man
=become a Christian=turn Christian=embrace Christianity=find salvation
=see the light [of day]=come through(美口)
cf. papalize 천주교로 개종하다(=go over to Rome), 천주교로 개종시키다
cf. vert ~vi~.(俗) (특히 기독교에서 가톨릭으로, 또는 그 반대로) 개종하다, 변절하다, 전향하다
~n~.(英口俗)(영국 국교회에서 가톨릭으로의 또는 가톨릭으로부터의) 개종자;
배교(변절, 전향)자, (美)개심한 악한
*기독교로 개종시키다
convert a person to Christianity=make a convert (or a new man) of a person to
Christianity=win (or proselytize) a person to Christianity
*개종자
convert(딤전3:6)=vert(英口)=proselytizer=gentile proselyte(이방인 개종자)
=proselyte(행13:43)=the new man=neophyte(새 세례자, 초심자, 새 성직자[가톨릭])
=proselyte of the gate 문의 개종자{하나님을 경외하되 율법도 안 지키는 할례
(割禮)(circumcision) 등을 이행할 의무가 없는 옛 유대 민족의}
=proselyte of righteousness 의의 개종자
=brand [plucked] out of the burning (or man a burning stick snatched from the
fire) (위난으로부터 구원받은 자, 슥 3:2)
cf. snatch (or pluck) a [fire]brand (or burning stick) from the burning (or the
fire) 위태로운 지경에서 구출하다(암 4:11)
개종주의
proselytism ① 변절(개종)[의 권유], 사상적인 전향
② 개종주의(복음을 전파하는데 복음에 부합되지 않은 방식으로 전파하는 것)
*배교자 apostate=backslider=renegade{특히 회교로 개종한 전(前)기독교인}=pervert *배교 lapse from faith=apostasy=turnabout=treachery against the Lord(사 59:13)
*입교하다 convert(딤전 3:6)
*입교 entering a faith (or sect, religious order, the church)
*order ~n~. 종교적 의식 the order of baptism 세례식
*입교 지원자, 학습자 catechumen
cf. confirmation ① 입교식(행19:1-7){기독교에서 유아 세례를 받은 사람이 장성하여 (보통 13-15 세)에 그 신앙을 고백하고 교인이 되는 의식}(=christian initiation),
신앙 고백식, ② 견진(성사)(=christian initiation)[가톨릭],
③ 성인식(成人式)[유대교]

41. Isaiah said this because he saw Jesus' glory and spoke about him.
이사야가 이렇게 말한 것은 그가 예수의 영광을 보았기 때문이다. 이 말은 그가 예수님을 가리켜서 한 것이다.
=Isaiah uttered these [things, words] after he got a glimpse of God's cascading brightness that would pour through the Messiah.
*get (or catch, have, obtain) a glimpse of ～을 흘끗 보다, 얼핏 보다
*cascading ~a~. 폭포 같은, 계속되는, 연속적인
*Sunlight pours through the window. 햇빛이 창문으로 쏟아져 들어온다.
=This is what Isaiah said, as (or when) he saw how great he was (or he saw the shining greatness of Jesus) and spoke of (or concerning) him.
=Isaiah uttered these things when he saw Jesus' glory, and his words referred to Jesus. *refer to ① ～에 관계하다{=relate to=be (or relevant, germane, pertinent) to },
② 들어맞다{=be applicable (or referable, apposite, pertinent) to=govern=apply to (or in)
=be applied to=cover=hold in=be true of (or for, with)}
=Isaiah was referring to Jesus when he made this prediction, because he saw (or was given) a vision of the Messiah's glory.

[ 문법정리 ]
*make ~vt~. (동작, 행위, 운동, 식사를) 하다
make a fight [an attempt, an advance, a mistake, progress, a journey, an address, an explanation, a joke, a bargain, war, long hours, a present, a phone call, a good breakfast] 싸우다 [시도하다, 전진하다, 실수하다, 진보하다, 여행하다, 연설하다, 설명하다, 농담하다, 계약하다, 전쟁을 하다, 장시간 노동을 하다, 선물을 하다, 전화를 걸다, 조반을 충분히 먹다]
~N.B.~ make의 이 용법은 대개 동작 명사를 목적어로 취하며, 동작 명사에 대응하 는 동사와 같은 뜻의 동작을 나타낸다.
make [an] answer=answer, make [a] reply=reply, make a pause=pause,
make haste=hasten, make progress=progress

[ 신학상식 ]
vision ~n~. 1) 묵시[의 글](겔7:26; 미1:1){=revelation=apocalypse=oracle=prophecy
=divine manifestation (or inspiration)=divination=sign from heaven=afflatus(文)=theopneusty}
(↔adumbration=shadow[s] 전조, 어렴풋한 윤곽),
2) 이상(단 9:24), 환상(=eidolon=fantasm=phantasm=fantom=phantom=illusion),
환영(幻影)(=eidolon[aidoul?n]=shadow=mere semblance=phantom=fantom=illusion
=apparition=hallucination),
3) 유령{=eidolon=phantasm=fantasm=ghost=apparition=ghost=phantom=fantom
=revenant=shade(文)=shadow=specter=spirit=haunt(주로 美중부, 남부)=spook(口)
=wraith=hobglobin[habgablin]=bogy=bogey(幼兒)=umbra(稀)=appearance
=mere semblance=visitant=bogeyman=boogeyman=lemures(로神)}
the vision of the prophet Isaiah 이사야의 예언서(대하32:32)
see visions 장래 일을 알게 되다, 환상을 보다, 몽상하다
see the (or a) vision of (or from) the Almighty 전능자의 이상을 보다(민24:4)
temple-vision 성전 이상(겔40장)
vision theory 환상 이론(예수님의 부활에 대한 환상설)
vision-temple 이상 성전(에스겔이 이상 중에 본 성전, 겔40-48장)
the Valley of Vision 이상골짜기(사22:1)
An angel appeared to me in a vision.
천사가 환영이 되어 (이상 중에, 환상 중에) 내 앞에 나타났다.

42. Yet at the same time many even among the leaders believed in him. But because of the Pharisees they would not confess their faith for fear they would be put out of the synagogue; 유다 지도자들 중에서도 예수님을 믿는 사람들이 많았으나 바리새파 사람들이 두려워서 예수님을 믿는다는 말을 드러내 놓고 하지는 못하였다. 회당에서 쫓겨날까 겁이 났던 것이다.
=Also of their leaders, many believed in him, except it was because of the Pharisees that they did not confess [their faith], so that they would not be [thrown] out of the synagogue.

[ 문법정리 ]
except ~conj~. 단(=only), ～을 제외하고(+that-clause)
except that+S+V ～라는 것 이외는, ～라는 것을 제외하면, ～라는 것이 흠이지만
The trip was perfect except that it was too short. 여행은 너무 짧은 점을 제외하면 더할 나위 없었다.
cf. I'd buy a set of furniture, except I don't have any money. 가구 한 벌을 사고 싶지만 돈이 없다.
~N.B~. (口)에서는 that이 생략되는 것이 보통임. 주문(主文)은 가정법이라도 except that-clause는 직설법을 씀

*Yet at the same time many even [from] among the leaders believed in him.
지도자들 가운데서도 예수를 믿는 사람이 많이 생겼으나,
=On the other hand, even many of the [chief] rulers (or many even of the Jewish
authorities, a number even of the rulers, a considerable number from the ranks of leaders) put their faith in Jesus. *considerable ~a~. 상당한{=substantial=goodly(文)
=appreciable=ample=plentiful=sizable=sizeable=fair=big=handsome=good=tidy(口)=tolerable}
*rank ~n~. 높은 지위{=high position (or station)}, 상류 계급(=high class=the upper class)
=Nevertheless even [out] of the rulers (or still also out of the rulers, indeed from
among the rulers also) many faithfully trusted in him.
=In spite of all this many people, including some of the Jewish authorities and the nobles, had belief in him.
*at the same time 1) 그렇지만 역시{=nevertheless=howbeit=nonetheless=still
=still and all(美口)=however=though=notwithstanding=all the same=withal(古)
=and yet=but yet=for all that=quand-meme=nath[e]less(古)}
2) 동시에{=in the same breath=at once=simultaneously=concurrently
=coincidentally=contemporaneously=together=coincidently=coinstantaneously
=concomitant=contemporarily=synchronously=synchronically=synchronally
=synchronistically=in concert (or unison)}(↔separately=independently
=individually=one by one=severally=singly=apart=one at a time=away in time
or place)
*But because of the Pharisees they would not confess their faith. 그들은 바리새파 사람 때문에, 믿는다는 사실을 드러내지는 못하였다.
=But for fear of (or through fear of , on account of) the proud religious law-keepers, they failed to confess him (or come out in the open with it, admit it [to anyone] publicly, acknowledge it openly, say so openly, tell anyone about it, tell anyone that they believed him to be the Messiah, say they believed in him, confess Jesus to be the Christ, avow their belief, talk about it openly, admit it to anyone). *come out 신앙 고백을 하다(美)
*in the open 공공연히(=avowedly=professedly=openly=publicly=in public=overtly=officially=in the face of the world=in broad daylight)
*For fear they would be put out of the synagogue; 그것은 그들이 회당에서 쫓겨날까 봐 두려워하였기 때문이다.
=For fear of being banned from the synagogue.
=[So] That they should (or might) not be expelled from the congregation.
=So as (or In order) not to be shut out from the meeting place.
=For fear that (or Lest) [if they should acknowledge him] they would be made excommunicates from the meeting place.
*excommunicate ~n., a~. 파문 당한 [사람], ~vt~. (교회가) 파문하다
=If they had, they would have been cast out of the Jewish place of worship.
=Because of their fear that (or Because they were afraid) the Pharisees would
throw them out of the congregation.
=Because the Pharisees had already given orders for the people not to have
anything to do with anyone who had faith in Jesus.

[ 문법정리 ]
*have ～ to do with ～과 관계가 있다
have (or be) nothing to do with ～과 아무 관계가 없다
(↔have something to do with ～과 관계가 약간 있다)
You had better have nothing to do with him. 그와는 사귀지 않는 것이 낫다.
What has that to do with me? 그것이 나와 무슨 상관입니까?

43. praise from men=the glory from others=human approval (or glory)=men's approval (or esteem, praise)=the approval (or glory) of men=the honor (or respect) from men=what people thought of them 인간이 주는 영광
*praise from God=the glorification of God=God's approval=divine approval=the
honor (or glory) from God=what God thought of them 하나님께서 주시는 영광
*For they loved praise [that comes] from men more than [they loved] praise [that comes] from God. 그들은 하나님께서 주시는 영광보다도 인간이 주는 영광을 더 사랑하였다.
=Because they sincerely wanted (or desired, were concerned about, loved to
have) the praise of men [instead of and] rather than the praise of God.
=For the praise of mankind was dearer to them than the approval of God.
*A is dear to B=A is valuable to (or for) B A가 B에게 소중하다
=For they valued their credit (or reputation) with men more than their credit
with God.*credit~n~.명성(=reputation), 영예(=honor), 신뢰(=belief=trust), 권력(=authority)
=When push came to shove they preferred human praise to the glory of God (or they put reputation among men before Elohim's praise).

[ 문법정리 ]
1) more A than B=A rather than B=A instead of B=less B than A=not so much B as A=not B so much as A B라기보다는 오히려 A
2) prefer A to {or above, over(稀)} B (AB 모두 [동]명사)
=[would] prefer to do(A) rather than [to] do(B) (AB 모두 부정사, B의 to는 생략가)
B 보다 차라리 A를 좋아하다
I prefer to go there alone. 나는 거기 혼자 가고 싶다
I prefer swimming. 수영하는 것이 좋다
I should prefer not to do it. 그것은 오히려 하고 싶지가 않다
Would you prefer me to come next month?
오히려 제가 다음달에 오기를 바라시는 겁니까?
I prefer this work finished quickly. 차라리 이 일을 빨리 끝내 주었으면 좋겠다
I prefer that it should be left alone. 오히려 그대로 내버려두는 게 좋겠다고 생각한다.
3) when (or if, until) push comes to shove (or it comes to the push)(美)
①필경은 ②결정적 순간[고비]이 되면, 바로 지금(=now or never)
③말[위협]을 행동으로 뒷받침해야 할 경우
4) before ~prep~. (차례, 계급, 선택, 우열, 가치 등) ～에 우선하여, ～보다 뛰어나
(=superior to), ～보다는 차라리(=rather than)(would+before)
put safety before everything else (choose death before dishonor, love you
before myself) 무엇보다 안전을 중히 여기다[제일로 하다](불명예보다 죽음을 택하다, 너를 내 자신보다도 아낀다)
England was before all nations in the industry. 산업에 있어서 영국은 모든 나라보다 앞섰다.
I would take this watch before that one. 저 시계보다 차라리 이 시계를 택하겠다.
I would die before yielding. 굴복하느니 차라리 죽을 테다.
set A before B A를 B보다 중시하다.